Espania

Espania

Espania (official in espaniol : Reino de España = "Roydem Espania") est un transcontinentalo land, member ios Europay Union, constituen do un social ed democratic Rectstat, quos gouvernementsforme est un parlamentar monarchia. Idso territorium, samt Madrid ka nagor, est organisen in septdem autonom communitats, iaswo ex penkgim provinces, ed dwo autonom citads.

Est 505 370 km² plaut, yani Europes quart plautst land, pos Russia, Ukraine ed France. Samt 650 meters mutawassit altitude uper marnivel, est oino iom ghyorwentst lands Europes. Ids populationo mikdier 47 329 981 weikers dien 1sto Januar 2020. Id peninsular territorium comprindt landgrances con France ed Andorra nordi, con Portugal westi, ed con id britisch territorium Gibraltar sudi. In sien african territoria, comprindt grances ep land ed mar con Marok. Smyehrt con France id souverainitat uper id insule im Kijien in id wostia os sreumen Bidasoa ed penk "patzerias".

Kemti article 3.1 ios Constitution, "Castillan (yani "espaniol) est id official espaniol bahsa ios Stat. Vasyi espaniols oiskeule gnohe id ed poitte nudes id." In 2012, eet id materbahsa os 82% im Espaniols. Sekwent article 3.2, "alter espaniol bahsas sessient yaschi official in ia different Autonom Communitats kemti ir Statuts." Ids rawaj est id euro, emiss ab id Bank os Espania in coordination con id Europay Central Bank.

Id prest constaten presence om hominidas ios genos Homo tarikhet tsay do 1,2 millions yaren prever, kam schahiden ab id aunstehgen uns ghyanu uns non-classifien Homo in id lyogos os Atapuerca. Ye id IIIt secule pre JC tyohc id roman intervention ep id Peninsule, quod brigh serter id krig os quo vibihiet "Hispania". Medievi, id zone buit krict ab plur germanic folks ed ab i muslims, ed senters mien ter unte meis quem sept secules. Yed id oineihsa Espanias bad muss ye id XVt secule, med id dynastic union inter Castilla ed Aragon ed id fin ios Reconquista, ed med id serter annexion os Navarra. Unte ia Moderne Tids, i espaniol monarchi ja wieldh uper id prest global ultramar imperium, quod ambghohrd territoria ep ia penkwe continents, skeipend un vasto tienxia cultural ed linguistic menghia. Ab id XIXt secule, pos successive weirs in Latin America, id lusit sien pleista territoria in America, situation aggravet ab id US-espaniol weir in 1898. Unte tod secule tyohc yaschi un weir contra el franceois invasor, un serie om civil weirs, un ephemer respublic tayn ab un constitutional monarchia ed id process os modernisation ios land. Unte id presto tridel ios XXt secule buit proclamen un constitutional respublic. Uno militar coup-d'etat udbrehgihsit un civil weir, quod duxit ei dictature os Francisco Franco tiel eys mohrt in 1975, kun stars un transition kyid democratia, quos climax buit id redaction, ratification per referendum ed promulgation ios 1978 Constitution, quod pancti ka supreme wirts ios diksaurdhen lure, justice, egalitat ed politic pluralisme.

General presentation ios land

Quayque Espania mehneiht ob sien latitudinal extension de ia dwo nieber peninsules, Italia ed Hellad, differencyet-se ud ta ob sieno massive kweit, quod beuwt id do un sorte os lytil continent dilen inter Atlantic ed Mediomar, inter daylukschiday ed nreday. Espania bayght Europes mediomardeil. Id vyige os agriculture, traditional-ye important, hat nundiens-ye stupt ye id brungos ios antslehnken om industrie ed bilhassa services. Id population kweit med ops visible particularismes (besonters in Euskadi ed Catalania) ed un alt urbanisationsratio (takriban 80%) samt oik major citads (six uper 500 000 weikers, bayna qua ia magna poles om Madrid ed Barcelona).

Ia ops extensive beuwens om kwoid, yando vinyek, ed owenwodstu predomine ep id Meseta, vast inner plateau samt un destull siuko climat, chald in lient ed rauk in ghim. Fruits (agrumes) ed sabzi sont buwen in ia huertas, ep un khayghian samt mediomar climat ed in ia perimeters betyohcen ab ia mier fluvs (Ebro ed Tajo). Gwowenwodstu wehst in id Nordwesti, khuld ed seuywent. Id industrie, pagen besonters in Euskadi ed Asturias, tem quem in Barcelonas region, consist khaliban-ye metallurgia, chemia, trebstruction, textil ed piutindustrie. Ia services employnti meis quem 60% ios opospledveh, vyige part-ye bohnden ei spand ios bilhassa plajink tourisme (Balear insules ed mediomaro khayghian).

Id entren do id Europay Union hat muhim-ye acceleren id modernisation ios economia. Espania hat gnoht uno mussalsal crosct, bohrt bilhasa ab ia sectors om trebstruction ed tourisme, ed un spectacular kayjin ios situation os employ. Bet tod elan buit brohgeb ab id 2008 tienxia economic crise, quei addih-se, natiowayt, un bankencrise bohnden ei etiwaurgen ios fawngdiaschan burbule. Tod nov conjuncture hat dribhen un brusk ed akster augen os beghsorbatia (quod heiht nundiens un quardel ios opospledveh) ed dwighen ei landi multiplie, ab 2010, ia austeritatsplans - qua gehne kaurd social tensions - ed budes, in 2012, sien europartners ad imdadhe kay salve ids banks. Espania leloip est confrontet ad social ed regional inegalitats ed ad commercial deficits.

Espanias flag, wa la Rojigualda, buit widen ka national bander in 1785 ed hat remanto nationalo flag tuntos, ploisko unte id Dwoter Respublic (1931-1939). Id vapwn, inclus in id actual bander, buit plurs modifien unte historia. Kemti article 4.1 ios 1978 Constitution, "Espanias flago skeipe tri horizontal streis, rudh, gehlb ed rudh, id gehlb esend dwis weurer quem ieter rudh."

Recent politic situation

Dien 1st October 2017 tyohc un independence referendum in Catalania non-recogniht ab id central Stat; id catalan Parlament proclamit independence dien 27 octobre menxu id espaniol gouvernement suspens id autonomia tos communitat; ids president Carles Puigdemont fug ex id land ed buit arrest in Deutschland in Marto 2018, yed id deutscho justice refusit extradihes iom do Espania.

Dien 1sto Jun 2018, Pedro Sànchez buit taukilen waldhion pos un distrust motion contra Premier Minister Rajoy. Id nov amtirend gouvernemento decis intikalihes Francos grabh ex id schangdien ios Valle de los Caìdos menxu id huckem ios Supreme Tribunal contra i stiftors ios catalan independence referendum suw un hevd protesten in tod communitat.

In Marto 2020, id land, kam hol Terra, buit hihn id Covid-19 pandemia, quod duxit ei declaration ios naudhstand samt strehnga meids protiev id leudher gigwahsa im leuds ed economic opos, i espaniols mien unte hevds in quarantaine.