Pakistan

Pakistan, official-ye Islami Jumhuriat Pakistan, (Urdu :اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاكستان‎ ) est un land in Sud Asia samt un population udmikdarndo 241,5 millions leuden. Est tienxia penkt befolkenst land ed med 881 913 km² superficie est tienxia 33t plautst land. Pakistan hat 1046 km khayghian ana id Arab Mar ed id Gulf os Oman sudi ed est lizden af Hind eusti, Afghanistan westi, Iran sudwesti ed China ye sien piern nordbors. Id est separen ud Togickistan ab Afghanistans angh Wakhan corridor nordi, edschi smyehrt uno margrance con Oman.

Ids official rawaj est id Pakistani rupia. Meis quem sixgim bahsas sont nuden in Pakistan, pati uno numer om provincial bahsas. Urdu - id lingua franca, symbol os Muslim identitat ed national unitat - est id national bahsa preten ab meis quem 75% im Pakistanis ed id magno communicationszariya unte id hol nation quayque est id prest bahsa os tik 9,5 % os Pakistans population. Englisch est Pakistans official bahsa quod est prest-ye nudt pro public besoyn, gouvernement ed contracts; ids local dialect est kalt "Pakistani Englisch".

Pakistans politic situation

Pakistan (prever "West-Pakistan") est un federal Stat, consistend quar provinces, id federal nagor territorium Islamabad, ia teutisk territoria administren ab id federal gouvernement ed sien part os Kashmir. Pon sien creation in 1947, id land est praedd os Islami fundamentalisme ed id politic magh ter est baygh instable. Speit id emergence uns democratic trend, ies askaris domine ed obkwehke in stand os dalgtosnihes id civil magh. Eet id fall sub Benazir Bhutto, dugter os Ali Bhutto (1928-1979), execut ab id askari regime, qua buit Premier Minister ex 1988 do 1990 ed ex 1993 do 1996. Istifihn ex sien amt ob corruption, ia buit assassinen ye endo 2007. Ays vidvo, Asif Zardari, buit elegen President in 2008.

Id national flag os Pakistan buit widt in sien present forme unte un samghat ios Constituant Assemblee dien 11 August 1947, just quar diens pre id independence ios land, quando bihsit id official flag ios Dominion Pakistan. Buit poskwo gwupen ab id actual Islami Jumhuriat Pakistan. Tod flag est glend samt un albh hilal ed un penkwozdo star in sien centre, ed un verticalum albh streio ye id odegios gon. Quayque ids glend est tik descript ka "maurglend", ids official nam est "Pakistan glend", quod hat un distinctive maurer nuance. Tod flag buit concept ab Amiruddin Kidwai, ed est baset ep id flag ios All-India Muslim Liga.

Ia contestations zielend id Pakistani regime sont multiple in un lando dar marken ab ids historic deuysen os sammel i muslims ios subcontinent ed ab ia ethnic, cultural, religieus divisions ios population. Ies sunni extremistes vole id instauration ios scharia in id land - qui hakare iom Prophet ja incurre Mohrts kyasen - menxu id medyo classe est exasperato tant ab id corruption im wanaks quem ab id omnipotence ios armee : tod naguraght id tridel ios Statsbudget menxu est rhayr kabil de stambhes id talibanisation ios land. Lakin, id sbeuden ios judicial magh hat kamyapt impones baknis ei systeme quod, ye id prest ker siens historia, hat vis in 2013 un gouvernement ende sien amtswakt. Bad, id social stabilitat ios land remant menacet : uno mier part ios population gwivt ender id paupertatsoyl; i nowngmins remane exploiten ed humilyen ab i mier zamindars qui, pon id independence, stambhneunt cada arszireforme dank ir politic sabikas.

Id lando gnohti taiper un perileuso situation ob id stop ios US imdadh, climat warmen ed divers epidemias. Id regime meurcht sien preimsiyassa iom takriban tri millions afghanen refugeits ed menacet med expulsiono med quem id dwidel ex i. Ia violations iom sulrects remane besweurghend in Pakistan, hatta suspens ex id Commonwealth inter 1999 ed 2004 ob en-masse schinghays protie ia menscenrects. Id "weir contra terrorisme" biht hamrahto ter ab maung victims ed deforce rapts.

In 2024, Pakistans economia ghohld neid meis quem 9% ios hindi economia contra 18% dwogim yars prever. Pakistan dehlct remburses ex 20 do 30 milliards om $ os dulgo cadayar.

Asif Ali Zardari (gnahto dien 26 Jul 1955) buit is 11t President os Pakistan inter 2008 ed 2013 (Pakistan Popules Partise) ed est nun ids 14t President. Est is prest rays tos landios gnahn pos ids independence ed est is vidvos ias prever Premier Minister Benasir Bhutto.

Un ambigu relation con ia Uniet Stats os America

"Allieit exter NATO" iom Uniet Stats ed brigvcap ios regional strategia im US Americans pon dien 11 September 2001, Pakistan contet lakin pro ti wahid-ye bi-sabab sien "skehthmagh". Nespekent ia milliards om dacta dollars, Islamabad ghi remant un dangereus allieit : pon xeiht id nuclearum arme in 1998, Pakistan totaliseneut id mierst numer illegalen transfers os nuclear technologia, id land remant un gwiveina pro islamistens terroristens. Id region os Peshawar hat biht uno smulk fundamentaliste amirat menxu ia teutisk zones ios Nordwest oiskape id control ios regime. In Aprile 2009, tod hat hatta yaht un playct inter id province gouvernement ed iens Taliban wanaks in id Swat District. Ye wer 2011, ies US Americans hant dohlgen intervene kay elimine Ussama bin Laden kohlt in id garnison-urb Abbottabad ne dalg ud Islamabad. Bet sekwos id reiken iom Talibans do Kabul in 2021 ed id resurgence ios Movment om Pakistans Talibans, Islamabad hat murcht sien stand refoulend-ye i afghan refugeits ed imponend-ye taxes ep Afghan exports.

Economic-ye desperat ed eiskwnd se affirme face Hind, ia Pakistani autoritats multiplient ia remunerator playcts, kam tod previdend id construction uns gasoductios con Iran in Marto 2003, au ta os armenpehrn ad Saudi Arabia pro i suri sunni rebells, os dadwen mercenaren pro Bahrayn in Marto 2014 ed strategic partnerspect con China in 2015.

Mian Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif (gnahto dien 23 September 1951) est un verslyning qui est is 20t Premier Minister Pakistans pon Marto 2024. Prever President ios Pakistan Muslim Liga, is buit ja Premier inter Aprile 2022 ed Augusto 2023.

Id balochi probleme

Balochistan, Pakistani regime lyehgend in id synor engwn Iran ed Afghanistan, est object separatisten movments qua demande besonters un fiscal autonomia. Ia federal autoritats, executeihvs in Augusto 2006 iom ex-gouverneur ayno iom chef im rebells, use ia teutstructures kay controle tod territorium skeipend 43% ios Pakistani Federation bet tik 6% ios population : baynt id pashtano nationalisme ed id eventualo leus iom gas ed naft lyogsen qua covehrnt takriban id dwidel iom energia naudhs ios land.