Sud-Eust Asia est un iklime Asias, consistend ia lands qua lyehge suder quem China, euster quem Hind, wester quem Nov Guinea ed norder quem Australia. Id iklime wehst uper id intersection om geologic placks, samt baygh activitato de gischiens ed volcans. Sud-Eust Asia consist dwo geographic regions :
- Maritim Sud-Eust Asia, comprindend Indonesia, Eust Malaysia, Singapura, ia Philippines, Timor Leste, Brunei ed Christmas Insule.
- Dayluk Sud-Eust Asia, yaschi gnohn ka Indochina, comprindend Kampuchea, Laos, Myanmar, Thayland, Vietnam, ed West Malaysia.
Ia majora religions sont Islam, Buddha-Dharma ed Christianisme. Lakin, un plaut varietat religionen sont trohven unte id iklime, pati Hinduisme ed maung animisme-influencet dyins.
Sud-Eust Asia tect un superficie om takriban quar millions km². In 2007, meis quem 593 millions leuden gwiveer in id iklime, meis quem un penkdel ex i (125 millions) ep id Indonesian insule Java, id tienxia meist-ye dens-ye wict weur insule.
Territorial contestations[]
In Asia, territorial contestations sont frequent ed dreibhe facil-ye force demonstrations. Kamghi sigwrit un diplomat, "sei yu ne protestet, est ob yu maghiete tyehgve vies rects". Also, nespekent id seuten oiken disputes, ia tensions auge inter Myanmar ed Bangladesh dayir id Bai os Bangla bet hassa in id Mar os China. Idghi possession newicten insules permitt un economic reuyden uper 200 marmayls sekwent id UNO Convention os 1982 dostrigen ab ia Philippines, bet ne ab Vietnam ni ab China. Id conflict iom Spratly insules opponneut pon decennia vasya khayghianstats : China, Singapura, Brunei, ia Philippines, Vietnam ed Malaysia. Ielgo land se levert uni siyassa os economic ed militar occupation kay establie un de facto souverainitat pro controle ia torg itners ed rlungdwane ia eventual hydrocarbonlyogsa. Vietnam, quod est id prokwsto Stat, hat un stand fragiliht ab recogneihvs id Chinese souverainitat in 1958, ed ob ids wi souverainitat ne est pagen : id 1954 traiteito dehnd un fin ei Indochina weir ne mentiont ta insules. Vietnam hat lakin constructo ter un airport. Eiskwt men contrabalance sien prokwtat con China antplehcend-ye sien diemens con Russia, ia Uniet Stats os America ed id Europay Union. China de hieb ducen un discret bet aggressive annexion siyassa se basend-ye ep baygh awa traces os Chinese presence. Mutalbet takriban 80% ios Sud China Mar ed sulouct ka swamen. Id hat chasset i Vietnamesens ex ia Paracel Insules in 1974 installend-ye ter uno smulk militar garnison. Ta insules remanent mutalbet ab Vietnam ed Taywan, bo interessen ab ia ter attachet peiskrects ed naftressurces. China hat installen ter uno naval airbase in 1988 dind militara prodwalsa. In 2002, ia ASEAN lands hieb ghohden approbe un project os code os conduct excludend id neud os force in id Sud China Mar bet id seuten ne hieb duren diu idghi localisation ressurcen bustighet taunays.
Economic handicaps[]
Ia handicaps penalisend id economic antslehnken os Sud-Eust Asia sont kathire : corruption (ploisko Singapura suaranct), ia diksystemes os mediocre qualitat, ia kathire trafiques (gemmes, dreus, drogh), ia prostitutionsmoinsa. Antslehnken biht kathalika kyimt ab ia communiste heritages au id presence militaren juntas favorisend ia problemes om clientelisme, mank om araszi swolspect, ilajaccess ad education (daskals assassinet ab i Khmer-Rouges, elitenfug in Laos). Bihnt kaut semschi problemes om industrial restructurations (Laos) au bohnden ei absence os WAT-systeme (projecto kay introduce oin do Laos, do Brunei....).
Sekwent id Mund Bank, ia lands os Sud-Eust Asia tehrbient prioritar-ye kayjine id access kye jlampohn, sinkes purten ed matern merto, preserve biodiversitat ed wakhe uper id access gwenen kyid orbatsmercat. Api, id service ios public dulg vyeict ja gwaur-ye uper ia local economias. Ta sont dar baygh rural menxu ir populations sont likwn apank. Myanmar, Laos ed Thayland sont part ios Golden Triangle, principalios loc om production ed trafique os opium tienxia.
Ta lands sont kathalika confronten ad tropical siuges ed epidemias : Vietnam est also tienxia id land hihnst ab avenflu. Idso tourisme sector hieb esen affecen ob to. Sam-ye, Aids hat-se propaget alarmant-ye do id hol iklime.
Bad, ir economic integration est dar-ye recent ed muzlim. Id hieb inkapt in ia 1980tias kun Japan hieb offshoret sien Productionslignes do prokwem lands kay compense id uperwirt ios yen. Tyict sekwent un vertical structure, eet rult ab exogene objectives chunke ia exports eent majoritar-ye bestohmen ibs occidental Mercats. Tod type os integration naduret somkwe oin part iom intraregional exports dar-ye reexporten do ta final mercats. To creet un concurrence inter ia Stats ed vulnerableiht ia dia extos dwineghs.
Ambiental problemes[]
Sud-Eust Asia gnoht grave problemes os deforestation besonters in Myanmar bet, ex un global vidpoint, id situation se kayjint in Asia dank China edschi in Vietnam quod ranct quarto tienxia pro rewiduesa ex 2000 do 2010. In id iklime, id praxis ios pieurnen pont grave problemes os sanitat idghi conversion iom foresten do agros intervent opsst-ye ep torfmayus: in tod fall, ia daghen brands propagent-se yando tiel 20 meters enderghom; sont nesgwenim ed leudeihnt teug dumschirms neannmeteihnd id air. Indonesia ed Malaysia, quer atmospheric pollution hieb esen declaren "national desaster" in 1997, continuent deforestation kay buwes palmol quos sont ia magna tienxia productors. Deforestation provoquet kathalika id erosion ed id degradation iom tropical swols ja concernt ab phenomens om augwedor ed saylabs. Indonesia tanct eti 30% iom tienxia emissions os hydrargwrnto do ambient ob gold extraction in neprofessional mines. Sam-ye, in Laos, in Kampuchea, charpen reuyden polluet air ed id wed iom riviers. In rural zones, id majoritat ios populationios ne hat kafi access kye jlampohn. Eti, id construction gatyen guraght tusents hectare, declineiht biodiversitat con id destruction iom mangroves. Ta problemes riske eti bihe graveriht ab ia Chinese gatyes dohmt ep id Mekong qua reducsient id natural dehnu ios augwedor : sweurghend de ia repercussions ep ir economia ed ambient, Laos, Thayland, Vietnam ed Kampuchea hant creet un intergouvernemental agence in 1995, id Mekong River Commission bet China hat refusen adhese id ed antplehct nov hydroelectric projects.
Bad, ia ormst lands kam Vietnam daughent ka deponia pro ia toxic zibels ex Stats kam Taywan ed China. Myanmar preimt stets meis investions in gwaur industries bet sont object om crehscend contestations tem quem in Thayland. Eti, wedorsteighen affecsiet akster-ye lands kam Vietnam ed Thayland : conjugen ei sehnken iom loidswols, siet menace yant 2030 oino million om binas in Bangkok.