Terra (ex latin terra = "ardh") wa id Ardh (ex Germanic bahsas ed Arab) est id trit planete ab Sowel ed id saul gnohn sanschan element samt gwit ep id. Sekwent radiometric tarikhen ed alya scientific wassilas, Terra wierdh meis quem 4,5 milliards yaren prever. Terras gravitat interacti con alyo sanschan, besonters-ye Sowel ed Luna, id saul natural satellite os Terra. Terra begeirt Sowel unte 365,26 yawms, un prist gnoht ka Terran yar, ed sammel revolvti circa 366,26 kers.
Terras damu est clihn binisbat sien orbital plan, quo deught ia saisons ep id. Id gravitational interaction inter Terra ed Luna causet schiaus, stabiliset id orientation Terras ambh idso damu ed tadrijan-ye nilent ids revolven. Terra est id densest planete ios Solar systeme ed id largest ed massivest iom quar telluric planetes.
Terras historia[]
4,6 milliardat, Terra hat gnoht plur major periodes, kalen geologic eras : id precambrian, id paleozoique (prever-ye primar era), id mesozoique (prever-ye secundar era), coenozoique (quod jamiyet id prever tertiar era ed id quaternar). Ids historia est pregen ab id apparition os gwit ed ids evolution, nischanen ab xiterphases iom mars dind iom continents ab ia vegetals poskwo i animals. Id gwit se hat manifestet med gigantesk formes, kam ta iom mier farns ios paleozoique, qua hant suwen ia ghiullyogsa, au ta im dinosaurs iom jurassique ed cretacee. Ia fossils qua hant apterlikwt bihnti studyet ab paleontologia. El mensc prehpt bad ye idpet end tos evolution. Terras historia kweit medschi id continental drift, studyen ab geologia.
Atmosphere[]
Terra est perambhen ab un gasic schikht, id atmosphere, takriban 800km teug, ex air, quod rarerasct tadrijan ye hoger. Subdividt-se do quar zones : id troposphere, quer gwivmos; id stratosphere, meg srig (-50° C), quod mathmount un teun ozone schikht, quod nos protect ud ultraviolett rais; id ionosphere, quer ia meteorites enflamment-se; id exosphere, ye id limite os uder space. Air est uno mix ex plur gasa quom magna components sonti dioxygen ed dinitrogen. In procentages ed volume-ye, dinitrogen correspondt 78% ios air volume, dixyogen 21% ed alya gasa (carbon dioxide, argon, rar gasa) 1%. Air est 1,3 g gwaru pro liter ye current temperature ed pressem. Air est eti elastic ed ids pressem ghehdt varye baygh facil-ye. Dioxygen est un pur corpos ed un auncolor, aunodor ed aunzawko gas. Interventi do vasya combustions, ed est bilhassa lasim pro gwit : vasyi gwivs, animal au vegetal, annment absorbend-ye oxygen ed rejecend-ye carbongas. Air esti sub id menace os pollution due gasic products kam carbon monoxide, quod seuwt pulmonsiuges, carbon dioxide, quod antplehct un schikht quod oistambht ibs energetic radiations oispehre kya hoger schikhts os atmosphere ed provoquend Terras progressive warmen (woenschice effect), ia khlorofluorocarbons (KFC) qua schinghaynt id ozone schikht.
Climat[]
Terras climat biht miden ab ia basendata qua sont temperature, miedhe, solluce, pressem, wind, precipitations. Ir studye permitt ghabe climats mecanismes ed enderkwites plur climatic zones : equatorial climat, tropicalo climat, mediomarisk climat, wondays, daylukdays, khandays, ielgo kweitend med ein specific vegetation. Id science quod oistudyet climats est climatologia. Climats historia deict od Terra hat gnohn warmenprista ed glehdjaiwa. Est possible, tiel sem point, anticipe id climat os future. Climat se manifestet cadadien in id druna iom saisons med different phenomens oistudyet ab meteorologia : wind, nebhs ed anticyclones, ed yando med extreme phenomens, kam cyclones. Mussim bringht karime seuys uni major part os menscgenos
Topographia[]
Id mundocean, quod jamiyet mars ed oceans, skeipt uno mussalsalo liquid menghia quod oistect meis quem dwo tridels ios surface Terras. Biht uperfanzowen ex oin idsen areas do alyum unte anght perigumts kalta "stretts" inter rassa. Landhydrographia comprindt eti glehdjers, sreumens ed lacs, tem quem id enderghomwedernt. Un continent est un landaykwos lizden ab plur mars au oceans. Ia anghen landareas qua yunge continents sont kalt "barzakhs". Relief esti skipt ab wiswa extenses ed nivelldifferences ye id surface Terras, ex qua sont enderkwiten tri major formes : hois, plains ed plateaus sont platt aykwsa (preters lyehge prokwem id khayghian [caustala plains] au ana ia majora sreumens [fluviala plains], menxu dwoters uperkeihnt ia); sont kalta "dals" ia fluviala plains lyehgend deub inter alt reliefs ed "schild" ia baygh extenden plateaus in id kerd iom continents; ciois, ia ghyors sont sanscha surfaces. Sems oiskeipe awa massifs, quom akra buir eroden ab wind ed precipitations, alya, saygen "yun", resulte ex diplisens ed recent formations, ed sont jamiyen in mier gabehrgs, quer stahnt ia ubsellst points iom continents.
Geographic ijmal[]
Id surface os Terra consist approximative-ye 70,9% wed ed 29,1% land. Preter grupp est divis do large aykwsa kalen "oceans", qua sont, ex plautsto do smulkst : ia Pacific, Atlantic, Hindi oceans, id Sudocean ed id Arctic Ocean.
Takriban 97,5% os Terras wed esti saldem. Ed ex id 2,5% quod est preswed, circa ia dwo tridels sont frohsen, khaliban arohgen ab Antarctids glehdjbenk ed ab ghyorglehdjers tienxia. Sei hol tienxia glehdjo tahiet, id marnivell crehsciet unte circa 70m.
Terras landsurface est daydey divis do sept large dayluks kalt "continents", ex plautsto do smulkst : Asia, Africa, Nord America, Sud America, Antarctid, Europe ed Australia. Nord America ed Sud America sont part ios samios menghia, America, quod reduct id numer do six.
Nord America est commun-ye awiet ka includend id insule Gronland, ia Caribe insules, ed ka strehcend sudworts-ye tiel id Panama barzakh. Id eustbors €urope esti daydey definiht ka esend id Ural Gabehrg ed id Ural fluv, sudeusti id Caspi, sudi id Cavcase Gabehrg, id Kyehrsen Mar ed id Mediomar. Portions om penk lands - Aserbaydjan, Kartvelia, Kazakhstan, Russia ed Tyrkia - comlyehgend in bo Europe ed Asia, yed in cada fall id larger section wehst in Asia. Ta lands sont ayt parts om bo continents. Armenia ed Cypros, qua lyehge alnos in West Asia, sonti geopolitic-ye Europay lands.
Asia kathalika ambghehrdt vasya insules iom Philippines, om Malaysia ed Indonesia. Ia Pacific insules sont ops comjamiyet con Australia do un "continent" kalt "Oceania" wa 'Australasia". Africas nordeust bors est frequent-ye ayt id Suways barzakh, bet pro geopolitic ziels, id Misri Sinay peninsula est ops inclus ka part Africas.
Sekwent id model heruper, Africa hat id hogst numer om souverain Stats, yani 54, Europe 49 ed Asia 48, bet ta dwo continents, kam hams udwekwnen, smyehre penk lands. Nord America consist 23 lands, Oceania 14 ed Sud America 12.
Tienxia populationsdensitat in 2005
Population[]
Ia sept milliards em Terras weikers sont dayn inegal-ye ep id surface ios planete. Sem iklimes hant meg slab densitats em minter quem dec weikers pro km², menxu alya udmikdarnt i 100. Sont ardehn tienxia oct major populationsfocus. Ia tri focus os Sud-Eust Asia tankent meis quem id dwidel os tienxia population : id permanence om civilisations ed lands qua hant gadabihn ter id rewos pon millennia, id akster gnahratio ed rizbeuwen sont causes pro to. Id economic antslehnken aurghneut pon secules in West Europe beuwt id sem alyo populationsfocus. Important populationsareas in id nordeust iom Uniet Stats os America ed in sudeust Brasilu sonti due id adstrohm em europay emigrants sohkwn ab un extraordinar urban spand. Id demographic crosct iom lands ios Gulf os Guinea ed id awo historia ios Barakaten Hilal in Mediorient, speit ids ariditat, beuwnti ta dwo iklimes meg befolken areas. Existent important migratora strohms : i emigrants linkwnt ir land wehlpend-ye garantie ed kayjine ir gwitstandard. Diu, aunda mandover (unte ia Trente Glorieuses, besonters), ia industrielands hant favoriset immigration : ob id crise, id trend hat-se invers ed ta riche lands hant esen brighen ad regule ed xiseye legal immigration. Eti, mult emigrants sont refugeits feugend ir land kay skape natural catastrophes, persecutions, civil weirs au alya.